Thursday, January 20, 2011

Dyeing Cationic Dyeable Polyester (CDP) with Cationic Dyes By Michael Hilton

This article is contributed by Michael Hilton

Cationic Dyeable Polyester is a special Polyester fiber which has undergone a change during polymerization. They were built of molecules of 5 - sulphophthalic acid, to generate anionic sites that the fibers of normal PET not have. Having anionic groups it can also be dyed with cationic dyes with results of high brilliance. However, these fibers can be dyed with disperse dyes. Compared to ionic dyes, disperse dyes have smaller molecular extinction coefficients and lower build-up property, so these dyes cannot give bright and deep colors. This type of fibers were born also to lower the Tg (glass transition temperature) of the polymer, 10 ° C lower than normal Polyester fibers, so to obtain a more segmental mobility and open polymer structure. Resulting in increased rate of diffusion of the dye in the fiber at a lower temperature. Tg Range (70 – 85°C). This modified polymer is also more easily hydrolised and more sensitive to heat setting before dyeing at a maximum temperature of 180°C.
Example 
scouring and dyeing exhausted process in Overflow – Jet Machine (Liquor ratio - 1:10 – 1:20) :
Scouring:
Continuous washing cold for 10 min 
drain well (for water soluble oils)

Fill with water 30 ° - 35°C
0,5 g/l Antifoam (preferably non-silicone) alone
1 g/l Detergent non – ionic
0,5 g/l Caustic Soda 36° Bè
Raise to 80°C quickly and hold for 20 – 25 min
Drain well 
washing cold for 10 min 
and after starting in dyeing

Dyeing with Cationic dyes

Follow the Graph below :














The dyebath is set at 60°C - introduce order
0,5 g/l Antifoam (alone)
6 g/l Sodium sulphate (only dyeing at 120°C) (1)
1 g/l Dispersant non-ionic
X g/l Acetic Acid pH = 4,5
X % Levelling – Carrier anionic (only dyeing at 98°C)
X% Cationic dyes (dissolved at 60°C with 1 g / l of acetic acid) - (introduce preferably dosed curve progressive Sen +)

Then raise to 70°C - after to 85°C at 0,5°C / min (while the fiber is softening) and hold for 10 min, after raise to 120° (or 98°C) at 0,6°C / min – hold for 30 – 60 min (depends on the depth of the color) 
then cool to 70°C at 0,5°C / min and check the color.

Please note that sodium sulphate (Na +), being very stable at high temperatures, is the protector of te anionic sites sensitive to the acid at 120 °C.

After dyeing, the dyed samples were rinsed and washed with 2 g/l of non-ionic detergent at 60 – 70°C.
Light fastness: moderate to good
Washfastness: good to excellent
Rubbingfastness: good
Excellent resistance to sublimation on wet
No fouling of lycra mixed

16 comments:

  1. Polyester is the synthetic material created in the laboratory. That's why it is so strong that big companies use this for their different uses. Polyester Yarn is used in from packaging to manufacturing tyres.

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  2. Thank you for sharing the information.

    I would like to inform that I have also recently came across a site called Fiber partner who is providing the service of polyester yarn, fiber etc.
    Get In Touch With Us To Know More

    ReplyDelete
  3. Thanks for sharing this useful insight. We at Benlon India Lts are also into conventional and dope dyed yarns. To know more about us write to us sales@benlonindia.com or visit our blog http://yarnmanufacturers.blogspot.in/

    ReplyDelete
  4. Can we convert regular polyester yarn to cationic dyeable polyester yarn? Can anyone help me ti do so if possible.

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  5. This comment has been removed by the author.

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  6. Thanks for sharing this useful insight. from korea

    ReplyDelete
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    In cationic polymerization of anhydrous formaldehyde at −78°C under certain reaction conditions a fast and quantitative initiation reaction and no kinetic chain termination have been observed. Presumably living polymers are obtained. The unexpected decrease in the rate of polymerization after a certain conversion is ascribed to hindrance of monomer diffusion in the crystalline polymer in which the active centers are imbedded.

    Cationic chainends have been detected in the 60Co γ‐ray induced polymerization of crystalline trioxane. This proves a cationic mechanism of chain propagation in the radiation‐induced polymerization of trioxane.

    In polymerization of 1.3‐dioxolane by HClO4 at 20°C a gradual but quantitative initiation reaction and no kinetic termination reaction have been observed. Termination by addition of alkoxide and determination of alkoxy endgroups also helped to distinguish between several different mechanisms of chain propagation proposed in the literature. It is assumed that the active center in dioxolane polymerization is a tertiary oxonium ion which propagates by an SN 2 reaction with monomer.

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  8. Sir,
    Thank you for useful information. I would like to ask you regarding shade corrections of cationic dyed fabric. What to do if the shade become darker than the required shade?

    ReplyDelete
  9. Dear Mechael,
    I would like to ask if you have any information about the breakage of cationic pet yarn, it has been dyed in blend fabric with normal polyester. it has been discovered after heat set.
    I believe it could be from thermal stress by heat-set.

    ReplyDelete
  10. What is the role of DEG content on dyeability of Cationic Dyeable Polyester please?

    ReplyDelete

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